अनुपात और समानुपात

Ratio and Proportion form the backbone of many quantitative problems in aptitude tests. A ratio compares two or more quantities of the same kind, while proportion establishes that two ratios are equal. Key concepts include direct proportion (as one increases, the other increases), inverse proportion (as one increases, the other decreases), and compound ratios. Common exam questions involve dividing amounts in a given ratio, finding unknown quantities from ratio relationships, and solving age-based or mixture-based ratio problems. The technique of introducing a common multiplier (x) is the most reliable approach. Below are solved questions covering all major ratio and proportion patterns.

मुख्य बिंदु

• Always introduce a common multiplier (x) when working with ratio problems.
• Sum of ratio parts × x gives the total; difference of ratio parts × x gives the difference.
• For compound ratios a:b and b:c: cross-multiply to get a:c.
• Units must match when comparing through ratios.

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